Which best describes a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machine's operational principle?

A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machine operates primarily based on the principles of magnetic fields and radio waves. This technology uses a powerful magnet to generate a strong magnetic field around the patient, which aligns the hydrogen atoms present in the body (primarily in water and fat). When radiofrequency pulses are applied, these atoms are stimulated, causing them to emit signals. These signals are then captured and transformed into detailed images of the internal structures of the body.

This method is particularly advantageous because it does not involve ionizing radiation, which is a key concern in other imaging modalities such as X-rays or CT scans. MRI is known for providing excellent contrast between different soft tissues, making it invaluable in medical diagnostics for evaluating brain and spinal cord conditions, joint and muscle issues, and various other internal structures.